Maghreb in 2021: fracture dynamics and synergy arguments – Algeria, Morocco, Mauritania, Tunisia,

The lines run within the North African arc. The Maghreb countries are ending a very turbulent year 2021, which opens on many unknowns. Obviously, the Maghreb has experienced significant political and geopolitical developments during this year. In fact, it emerges that the region has been marked by a multi-dimensional crisis and unprecedented development under the seal of arrangements between states according to their interests.

On New Year’s Eve, three prominent figures characterize Maghreb geopolitics. First, the deteriorating Algerian–Moroccan relations were broken by Algiers from 24 August and made worse by the killing of three Algerian truck drivers on the Nouacchot–Ouergla road on 1 November. Undoubtedly, the most debated and discussed issue is the worsening of the already problematic relationship between Algiers and Rabat. Because, if the two countries severed their ties at the initiative of Algiers, their dispute would cause a great upheaval in the region, as well as the rise of Israel and the normalization of its relations with the Kingdom of Morocco. with the role. The Maghreb landscape has also seen shocks on an African scale since Israel’s dissolution as “partners” of the Zionist unit work to give it a place within the organisation. Pan-African. During the year that the Maghreb ends, it is also the political crisis in Tunisia and the quest for an economic breath that is in sync with Algiers, which tries to position itself favorably on its southern edge. The direction of Mauritania, a country with which, in addition to the necessary security coordination, it looks forward to integrated economic and trade exchanges.

“The governance crisis that saw President Kass Saeed seize power is the culmination of months of institutional blockade and internal political strife. It was widely held against Prime Minister Hicham Mechichi and Speaker of Parliament Rachad Ghanouchi for legislative power and a two-headed executive. – The division between the respective roles of president and prime minister stood out, according to Anour Bukhar, an expert in North Africa.

Africa’s Center for Strategic Studies later observed that, “Since his resounding victory in the second round of the presidential election in 2019, a politician without a label known for his contempt for partisan politics The Tunisian political system has been crippled by its constitutional rules that limit the scope of its powers to defense and foreign policy.

In Libya, the impasse seems to be in full swing as the hope of thriving the country with legitimate institutions by 24 December has evaporated leaving all uncertainties behind. The observation is that Libya, unable to complete its successful transition, has stumbled upon an electoral calendar that each party seeks to take advantage of. This risk, unfortunately, remained stalemate for a country in political crisis for a decade during the year 2022, heightened by foreign interference. “These elections may allow Libya to achieve a certain stability, provided that the international actors present in Libya withdraw, and thus end the 10-year conflict in Libyan territory”, already Pascal Boniface, Director had seen. International Institute for Strategic Relations (IRIS), which asserted that “this conflict has broken and destroyed the country, destabilizing the entire region”.

PAR NAZIM BRAHIMI

Reporter, 30/12/2021

#Algeria #Morocco #Mauritania #Tunisia #Israel #Maghreb #African Union

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